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Leviticus
Chapter Six
New King James Version (NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 6
This
chapter treats of the trespass offering for sins committed knowingly and
wilfully, Leviticus 6:1 and
of the law of the burnt offering, and of cleansing the altar of burnt offering,
and keeping the fire burning on it continually, Leviticus 6:8 and
of the meat offering, which is repeated with some additional circumstances, Leviticus 6:14 and
of the offering at the consecration of the high priest, Leviticus 6:19 and
of the sin offering, and where to be killed and eaten, and by whom, Leviticus 6:24.
Leviticus 6:1. And
the Lord
spoke to Moses, saying:
YLT 1And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... Continuing his
speech with him, for the same law of the trespass offering is still discoursed
of, only with respect to different persons:
saying: as follows.
Leviticus 6:2.
2 “If a person sins and
commits a trespass against the Lord by lying to his neighbor
about what was delivered to him for safekeeping, or about a pledge, or about a
robbery, or if he has extorted from his neighbor,
YLT 2`When any person doth sin, and hath committed
a trespass against Jehovah, and hath lied to his fellow concerning a deposit,
or concerning fellowship, or concerning violent robbery, or hath oppressed his
fellow;
If a soul sin, and commit a trespass against the Lord,.... All sin
is against the Lord, contrary to his nature and will, and a transgression of
his law; but some sins are more apparently so than others, and against which he
expresses greater indignation and abhorrence, being attended also with very
aggravating circumstances, as these that follow; which are such as are not only
contrary to the will of God, but to the good of society, and tend to the
subversion of it, of which he is the founder and supporter, and especially when
he is sworn by, and appealed to as a witness, in a case not only injurious but
false:
and lie unto his neighbour in that which was delivered him to keep; whether money
or goods, or any living creature, sheep, cow, horse, &c. and should deny
that ever anything was delivered to him, and take his oath upon it; which is a
very grievous crime, and not to go unpunished, as was known by the light of
nature, and declared by the Heathen oracleF8"Spartano cuidam
respondit", &c. Juvenal. Satyr. 13. prope finem. ; and yet there was
to be a trespass offering to make atonement for such a sin: Jarchi thinks, by
his neighbour is meant a third person between them; but if that third person
was a witness of the goods being delivered, there would have been no occasion
of an oath, as follows: the case supposed seems to be, when anything was
delivered to the care and custody of another, without the knowledge of any but
the person that delivered it, and he to whom it was delivered; who retaining it
for his own use, embezzling the goods, and acting the unfaithful part, affirms
to the owner he never had anything of him, and so lies to him, and to that lie
adds an oath of perjury:
or in fellowship: in partnership; as, for instance, having
received money belonging to them both, denies he ever received any, and so
cheats his partner of what was his due, and being put to his oath, takes it:
or, "in putting of the hand"F9בתשומת
יד "in positione manus", Montanus. , as
persons usually do when they enter into fellowship or partnership, they give
each other their hand in token of it; or in putting anything into the hand, as
money to trade with, and he denies he received any; or by way of purchase for
anything bought, and the person of whom the purchase is made affirms the
purchaser never put anything into his hand, or paid him anything, but insists
upon being paid again; or in a way of lending, as Jarchi and Ben Gersom,
because then money is put into the hand of him that receives it, and, in the
case supposed, the borrower denies that ever any was put into his hand, or he
borrowed any; and being called upon to swear, swears falsely:
or in a thing taken away by violence: without the
will and knowledge of the owner; privately and secretly, but being suspected,
is challenged with it, and denying it, is made to swear, which he does falsely:
or hath deceived his neighbour; cheated him in trade and
commerce, defrauded him in business, extorted money from him; or by calumny and
false accusation got anything out of his hands, see Luke 19:8 or by
detaining the wages of the hireling; so Jarchi and Ben Gersom.
Leviticus 6:3.
3 or if he has found what
was lost and lies concerning it, and swears falsely—in any one of these things
that a man may do in which he sins:
YLT 3or hath found a lost thing, and hath lied
concerning it, and hath sworn to a falsehood, concerning one of all [these]
which man doth, sinning in them:
Or have found that which was lost, and lieth concerning it,.... Who
having found anything lost, at once concludes it his own, and converts it to
his own use, never inquiring after the proprietor of it, or taking any method
to get knowledge of him, and restore it to him; but so far from that, being
suspected of finding it, and charged with it denies it: MaimonidesF11Moreh
Nevochim, par. 3. c. 40. gives a reason why a lost thing should be restored, not
only because so to do is a virtue in itself praiseworthy, but because it has a
reciprocal utility; for if you do not restore another's lost things, neither
will your own be restored to you:
and sweareth falsely; which is to be
understood, not of the last case only, but of all the rest, or of anyone of
them, as it follows:
in any of all these that a man doeth, sinning therein; by
unfaithfulness in a trust, cheating, defrauding, lying, and false swearing.
Leviticus 6:4.
4 then it shall be, because
he has sinned and is guilty, that he shall restore what he has stolen, or the
thing which he has extorted, or what was delivered to him for safekeeping, or
the lost thing which he found,
YLT 4`Then it hath been, when he sinneth, and hath
been guilty, that he hath returned the plunder which he hath taken violently
away, or the thing which he hath got by oppression, or the deposit which hath
been deposited with him, or the lost thing which he hath found;
Then it shall be, because he hath sinned and is guilty,.... Owns his
guilt through remorse of conscience, and makes a confession of it; or
otherwise, upon conviction, without such confession he was to pay double, see Exodus 22:7
whereas, in this case it is only ordered:
that he shall restore that which he took violently away: whether
money, goods, or cattle:
or the thing which he hath deceitfully gotten; by outwitting
him, by extortion, by false accusation, or detention of wages:
or that which was delivered him to keep; in which he
was unfaithful to his trust, be it what it will:
or the lost thing which he found; and denied he had it.
Leviticus 6:5.
5 or all that about which he
has sworn falsely. He shall restore its full value, add one-fifth more to it, and
give it to whomever it belongs, on the day of his trespass offering.
YLT 5or all that concerning which he sweareth
falsely, he hath even repaid it in its principal, and its fifth he is adding to
it; to him whose it [is] he giveth it in the day of his guilt-offering.
Or all that about which he hath sworn falsely,.... In all
and each of the above cases, in which he had committed a trespass and denied
it, and to the denial adds a false oath, and yet after all acknowledges it:
he shall even restore it in the principal; whatsoever he
has embezzled, or cheated another of, or detained from the right owner, the
whole of that was to be restored:
and shall add the fifth part more thereto; to the
principal, see Leviticus 5:16 but
MaimonidesF12In Misn. Trumot, c. 6. sect. 1. says, this was an
instruction to add a fifth to a fifth; and Aben Ezra takes the word to be
plural, and observes, that the least of many is two, and so two fifths were to
be added to the principal, but the first sense seems best:
and give it unto him to whom
appertaineth; as, to his neighbour, who had deposited anything in his hands;
or his partner, he had any ways wronged; or whomsoever he had defrauded in any
respect; or the proprietor of lost goods; Ben Gersom observes, it was not to be
given to his son, nor to his messenger: in the case of taking anything away by
violence, though but the value of a farthing, it is said, that he shall be
obliged to bring it after him (from whom he has taken it) even unto Media
(should he be there); he shall not give it to his son, nor to his messenger,
but he may give it to the messenger of the sanhedrim; and if he dies, he must
return it to his heirsF13Misnah Bava Kama, c. 9. sect. 6. :
in the day of his trespass offering; when he
brings that, but restoration must first be made: the Targum of Jonathan renders
it, in the day he repents of his sin: and so Aben Ezra interprets it,"in
the day he returns from his trespass;'when he owns and confesses it, is sorry
for it, and determines to do so no more. Maimonides observesF14,
that one that takes away anything by violence (which is one of the cases
supposed) is not fined so much as a thief; he only restores the principal; for
the fifth part is for his false oath; the reasons of which are, because robbery
is not so frequently, and is more easily committed, and is more open, and
against which persons may guard and make resistance, and the robber is more
known than a thief who steals secretly; see Exodus 22:1.
Leviticus 6:6.
6 And he shall bring his trespass
offering to the Lord,
a ram without blemish from the flock, with your valuation, as a trespass
offering, to the priest.
YLT 6`And his guilt-offering he bringeth in to
Jehovah, a ram, a perfect one, out of the flock, at thy estimation, for a
guilt-offering, unto the priest,
And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the Lord,.... That is,
to the tabernacle of the Lord, to the altar of the Lord in it, and to his
priest ministering therein, as it follows:
a ram without blemish out of the flock, with thy estimation, for a
trespass offering unto the priest; the same offering that
was ordered for a trespass through ignorance, Leviticus 5:16
typical of the sacrifice of Christ offered up both for sins of ignorance and
wilful transgressions, for his blood cleanses from all sin; see Gill on Leviticus 5:16; the
phrase "with thy estimation", used there also Leviticus 5:16, is
here interpreted by Ben Gersom of two shekels, the value the ram was to be of,
brought for the trespass offering.
Leviticus 6:7.
7 So the priest shall make
atonement for him before the Lord, and he shall be forgiven
for any one of these things that he may have done in which he trespasses.”
YLT 7and the priest hath made atonement for him
before Jehovah, and it hath been forgiven him, concerning one thing of all that
he doth, by being guilty therein.'
And the priest shall make an atonement for him before the Lord,.... By
offering the ram he brought, by which a typical, but not real atonement was
made; for the blood of bulls and goats, of sheep and rams, could not take away
sin; but as they were types of Christ, and led to him, the Lamb of God that
takes away the sin of the world:
and it shall be forgiven him, for anything of all that he hath
done, in trespassing therein; any and everyone of the above sins, with
all the aggravations of them, were forgiven, upon the atonement made, though
they were so enormous; and, indeed, all manner of sin is forgiven for Christ's
sake, except the sin against the Holy Ghost: and L'EmpereurF15In
Misn. Bava Kama, c. 9. sect. 5. rightly observes, against the Socinians, who
deny that sacrifices were offered for crimes very grievous, that these were of
such a nature; for what more vile than unfaithfulness in a trust, than cheating
and defrauding, stealing, lying, and perjury?
Leviticus 6:8. 8 Then
the Lord
spoke to Moses, saying,
YLT 8And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... It maybe after some
intermission, or pause made; for some here begin a new chapter, and indeed a
new section here begins in the Hebrew copies:
saying; as follows:
Leviticus 6:9. 9 “Command
Aaron and his sons, saying, ‘This is the law of the burnt offering: The
burnt offering shall be on the hearth upon the altar all night until
morning, and the fire of the altar shall be kept burning on it.
YLT 9`Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This
[is] a law of the burnt-offering (it [is] the burnt-offering, because of the
burning on the altar all the night unto the morning, and the fire of the altar
is burning on it,)
Command Aaron and his sons,.... Who were nominated,
selected, and appointed to the office, though not yet consecrated to it and
invested with it, see Leviticus 8:1.
saying, this is the law of the burnt offering; of the daily
sacrifice, morning and evening:
it is the burnt offering, because of, or for the
burning upon the altar all night unto the morning; as there was
nothing offered on the altar of burnt offering after the evening daily
sacrifice, nor anything before the morning daily sacrifice, it was the more
difficult to keep the fire of the altar burning in the night; wherefore a slow
fire was used in the evening sacrifice, and several things remained to be burnt
in the night: so MaimonidesF16In Misn. Beracot, c. 1. sect. 1. says,
the remainder of the fat of the members were burnt all night until the pillar
of the morning (first rays of the rising sun, Editor.):
and the fire of the altar shall be burning in it; not without
it, as Aben Ezra observes, but on it; that is, should be ever burning on it,
night and day, as it is after declared.
Leviticus 6:10. 10 And
the priest shall put on his linen garment, and his linen trousers he shall put
on his body, and take up the ashes of the burnt offering which the fire has
consumed on the altar, and he shall put them beside the altar.
YLT 10that the priest hath put on his long robe of
fine linen, and his fine linen trousers he doth put on his flesh, and hath
lifted up the ashes which the fire consumeth with the burnt-offering on the
altar, and hath put them near the altar;
And the priest shall put on his linen garment,.... "His
measure"F17מדו, "est" מד "proprie vestis commensurata corpori",
Munster; so Jarchi. , as the word signifies, a garment that was just the
measure of his body, and exactly fitted it; it was a sort of a shirt, which he
wore next his body, and reached down to his feet; and in this he always
officiated, and was an emblem of the purity and holiness of Christ our high
priest, who was without sin, and so a fit person to take away the sin of
others, by offering up himself without spot to God:
and his linen breeches shall he put upon his flesh; to cover his
nakedness; that indecency might be prevented, and that he might not be exposed
to ridicule; and though these two garments are only mentioned, yet the wise men
say the word "put on" includes the bonnet and the girdle; for the
removing of the ashes from the altar, which is the thing he was to be thus
clothed to do, was done in the four garments, though the Scripture mentions but
twoF18Maimon. in Misn. Tamid, c. 5. sect. 3. :
and take up the ashes which the fire hath consumed, with the burnt
offering on the altar; this was the first thing the priests did in a morning, and which
in later times they cast lots for, and the first lot was for this service, and
which was performed very earlyF19Misn. Yoma, c. 1. sect. 8.
;"every day they cleansed or swept the altar, at cockcrowing or near it,
whether before or after, and on the day of atonement at midnight, and at the
feasts from the time of the first watch:"
and he shall put them beside the altar: without, at
the corner of the altar, as Aben Ezra, on the east side of it; so says Jarchi,
the priest takes a full censer of the innermost consumptions (that is, of the
innermost parts of the sacrifice reduced to ashes), and puts them in the east
of the rise of the altar; or, as by anotherF20Bartenora in ib.
expressed, he takes the ashes in a censer, more or less, and lays them down at
the east of the rise of the altar, and there leaves them, and this is the
beginning of the morning service: and we are told by another writerF21Jacob.
Jud. Leo. Tabnitid Hecal, No. 90. apud Wagenseil. Sotah, p. 426. , that there
was a place called the house of ashes, and it was at the east of the rise of
the altar, at a distance from the foot of it ten cubits and three hands'
breadth; where the priest, before they began to sacrifice, laid the ashes of
the sacrifices, and of the candlestick, and of the altar of incense, and of the
offering of the fowl that were cast out.
Leviticus 6:11. 11 Then he shall take off his
garments, put on other garments, and carry the ashes outside the camp to a
clean place.
YLT 11and he hath stripped off his garments, and
hath put on other garments, and hath brought out the ashes unto the outside of
the camp, unto a clean place.
And he shall put off his garments,.... Those before
mentioned, he is said to put on:
and put on other garments; not common garments or
lay-habits, what the priests wore when they were not on duty; for, as Ben
Gersom says, these were priestly garments, though meaner than the first, or
those that were put off: and so Jarchi says, they were worse than they were: it
seems as if they were such that were spotted and dirty, and threadbare, almost
worn out, and only fit for such sort of work as to carry out ashes: and so
MaimonidesF23In Misn. Tamid, c. 5. sect. 3. observes, that these
other garments are not to be understood of common garments; but of such that
are meaner in value and esteem, for both are holy garments; and, indeed,
nothing belonging to the priestly office was to be performed but with the
priestly garments, and they were only to be worn by the priests while in
service:
and carry forth the ashes; when these, gathered on
a heap, were become large, as Jarchi says, and there was no room for the pile
of wood, they carried them out from thence; and this, he observes, was not
obligatory every day, but the taking of them up, as in the preceding verse Leviticus 6:10,
they were bound to every day: and these they carried
without the camp, unto a clean place; for though
they were ashes, yet being ashes of holy things, were not to be laid in an
unclean place, or where unclean things were: as the burnt offering was a type
of Christ in his sufferings and death, enduring the fire of divine wrath in the
room and stead of his people; so the carrying forth the ashes of the burnt
offering, and laying them in a clean place, may denote the burial of the body
of Christ without the city of Jerusalem, wrapped in a clean linen cloth and
laid in a new tomb, wherein no man had been laid, Matthew 27:59.
Leviticus 6:12. 12 And
the fire on the altar shall be kept burning on it; it shall not be put out. And
the priest shall burn wood on it every morning, and lay the burnt offering in
order on it; and he shall burn on it the fat of the peace offerings.
YLT 12`And the fire on the altar is burning on it,
it is not quenched, and the priest hath burned on it wood morning by morning,
and hath arranged on it the burnt-offering, and hath made perfume on it [with]
the fat of the peace-offerings;
And the fire upon the altar shall be burning in it, it shall not
be put out,.... There were three fires, or piles of wood for fire
continually; the first was a large one, on which the daily sacrifice was burnt;
the second less, and called the pile of the incense, because they took from it
fire in a censer to burn the morning and evening incense; and the third was
only for preserving the fire that it might not go out: and of this it is
written, Leviticus 6:12 F24Maimon.
Hilchot Tamidin, c. 2. sect. 4. Bartenora in Misn. Tamid, c. 2. sect. 4. &
in Yoma, c. 4. sect. 6. ; and MaimonidesF25In ib. sect. 5. & in
Yoma, c. 4. sect. 6. observes, that some say, the first of these is meant by
the burning all night, Leviticus 6:9 and
the second by the fire of the altar burning in it, Leviticus 6:12 but
his own sense is, the third is meant by it; and in the sense of R. Joses, these
three fires were all burning upon the altar; the first was towards the east
side of the altar, the second towards the southwest, as being nearer to the
rise of the altar, where the priests were, and the third was made in any part
of the altar as was thought fitF26Maimon. Hilchot Tamidin, c. 2.
sect. 7, 8, 9. ; and this is the fire not to be put out, and he that quenched
it, though but one coal, was to be beaten, yea, though it be brought down from
the altarF1Ibid. sect. 6. :
and the priest shall burn wood in it every morning: until the
fourth hour of the day, according to the Targum of Jonathan; that is, unto ten
o'clock in the morning:
and lay the burnt offering in order upon it; both morning
and evening, and as often as any sacrifices of that kind were offered up:
and he shall burn thereon the fat of the peace offerings; that which
was upon the inwards and covered them, and upon the kidneys, and flanks, and
caul of the liver; see Leviticus 3:3.
Leviticus 6:13. 13 A
fire shall always be burning on the altar; it shall never go out.
YLT 13fire is continually burning on the altar, it
is not quenched.
The fire shall ever be burning upon the altar,.... This was
what first fell from heaven, Leviticus 9:24 and
which in after ages was maintained by constant fuel put unto it, there being
every day burnt offerings upon it; which was an emblem of the love of Christ to
his people, which is ever in a flame and burning, and can never be quenched by
the many waters of their sins and iniquities; nor by all the sufferings he
underwent to atone for them; nor by all the meanness and afflictions they are
attended with; his love is fervent towards them, and always the same: and also
of their love to him, which is unquenchable by the persecutions of men, by
afflictions by the hand of God, by divine desertions, by Satan's temptations,
or their own corruptions: it likewise may be an emblem of the graces of the
Spirit of God in the hearts of his people, which have both light and heat in
them; and though they are sometimes very low as to exercise, yet are in a
wonderful manner preserved amidst great oppositions made unto them from within
and from without; and may also be a symbol of the word of God, sometimes
compared to fire for its light and heat, and may be signified by the fire on
the altar for its perpetuity, which continues and abides, notwithstanding the
attempts of men and devils to get it out of the world; and though the ministers
of it die, that lives, and has been preserved in the worst of times, and will
burn most clearly, and shine most brightly in the end of the world. This
perpetual fire may also point at the prayers of saints, the fervency of them,
and their perseverance in them; or rather to the efficacy and acceptance of the
sacrifice of Christ, which always continues; nor may it be amiss applied to the
afflictions of God's people, which constantly attend them in this world, and
they must expect to have while in it; and even to the wrath of God on wicked
men to all eternity, and which is the fire that cannot be quenched:
it shall never go out; as it is highly probable
it never did, until the destruction of the temple by Nebuchadnezzar; though the
author of second Maccabees states that:"For when our fathers were led into
Persia, the priests that were then devout took the fire of the altar privily,
and hid it in an hollow place of a pit without water, where they kept it sure,
so that the place was unknown to all men.' 2 Maccabees 1:19)pretends
that some devout priests, who were carried captives into Persia, hid the fire
of the altar privily in the hollow of a pit, where was no water, and in which
it was kept sure and unknown to men, and was found and restored in the times of
Nehemiah,"20 Now after many years, when it pleased God, Neemias, being
sent from the king of Persia, did send of the posterity of those priests that
had hid it to the fire: but when they told us they found no fire, but thick
water; 21 Then commanded he them to draw it up, and to bring it; and when the
sacrifices were laid on, Neemias commanded the priests to sprinkle the wood and
the things laid thereupon with the water. 22 When this was done, and the time
came that the sun shone, which afore was hid in the cloud, there was a great
fire kindled, so that every man marvelled.' (2 Maccabees 1)but this is contrary
to what the Jews always assertF2T. Hieros. Taaniot, fol. 65. 1. T.
Bab. Yoma, fol. 21. 2. , that the fire from heaven was wanting in the second
temple; and yet from the account JosephusF3De Bello Jud. l. 2. c.
17. sect. 6. gives of a festival called "Xylophoria", or the feast of
the wood carrying, it seems to have been then in being, and great care was
taken to preserve it that it might not go out; for, he says, at that feast it
is a custom for all to bring wood to the altar, that so there might never be
wanting fuel for the fire, for it always remained unextinguished: as to, what
some have observed out of Diodorus SiculusF4Eclog. 1. ex l. 34. p.
902. , that Antiochus Epiphanes, when he went into the temple, quenched this
fire, it appears to be a mistake; for Diodorus does not say that he put out the
fire of the altar, but that he extinguished the immortal lamp, as it was called
by them (the Jews), which was always burning in the temple; by which he plainly
means the lamp in the candlestick, and perhaps what the Jews call the western
lamp, which was always burning, and was the middle lamp bending to the west,
and to which the rest bent: the Heathens in many places imitated this perpetual
fire: the Brahmans among the Indians speak of fire falling from heaven, kept by
them on everlasting hearths, or in fire pansF5Ammian. Marcellin. l.
23. , for that purpose: the Persians had their perpetual fire, having a great
opinion of that element: in the march of Darius against Alexander, it is
observed by the historianF6Curt. Hist. l. 3. c. 3. , that the fire
which the Persians call sacred and eternal was placed on altars of silver, and
he is said to adjure his soldiers by the gods of their country, and by the
eternal fire on the altars, &c. to rescue the Persian name and nation from
the last degree of reproachF7Curt. Hist. l. 4. c. 14. : the Grecians
have many traces of this continual fire on the altar among them: at Mantinia,
as PausaniasF8Arcadica sive, l. 8. p. 469, 516. relates, was a
temple of Ceres and Proserpina, where a fire was kindled, and great care taken
that it might not be extinguished; and in the temple of Pan, a fire burned
which was never quenched: and the same writer saysF9Eliac. 1. sive,
l. 5. p. 316. , with the Eleans was an altar which had fire continually burning
on it night and day: and AelianusF11Hist. Animal. l. 10. c. 50.
makes mention of an altar of Venus at Eryce in Sicily, which burnt night and
day; and of which he says many things wonderful and fabulous: and it is well
known that the Romans had their goddess Vesta, whom Velleius PaterculusF12Hist.
l. 2. in fine. calls the keeper of the perpetual fires; and there were certain
virgins, called the "vestal" virgins, whose business it was to take
care that the fire never went out; and is by VirgilF13"Vos
aeterni igneis", &c. Aeneid. l. 2. called the eternal fire: and Vesta
itself is thought by some learned men to be the same with אש־יה
"Esh-jah", the fire of Jehovah: now these were all satanical
imitations of the perpetual fire on the altar of God.
Leviticus 6:14. 14 ‘This
is the law of the grain offering: The sons of Aaron shall offer it on
the altar before the Lord.
YLT 14`And this [is] a law of the present: sons of
Aaron have brought it near before Jehovah unto the front of the altar,
And this is the law of the meat offering,.... Or the
rules to be observed concerning that, for which, though directions are given, Leviticus 2:1,
&c. yet is here repeated with some additions to it:
the sons of Aaron shall offer it before the Lord; being brought
unto them by the children of Israel:
before the altar; or at the face of it, for what was properly
offered was burnt upon it, as in the following verse Leviticus 6:15, for
it should be rather rendered "in", or "on the altar"F14אל פני המזבח
"in altari", Noldius, p. 82. No. 391. ; the face of it is the top of
it, on which every sacrifice was offered, and not before it.
Leviticus 6:15. 15 He
shall take from it his handful of the fine flour of the grain offering, with
its oil, and all the frankincense which is on the grain offering, and
shall burn it on the altar for a sweet aroma, as a memorial to
the Lord.
YLT 15and [one] hath lifted up of it with his hand
from the flour of the present, and from its oil, and all the frankincense which
[is] on the present, and hath made perfume on the altar, sweet fragrance -- its
memorial to Jehovah.
And he shall take of it his handful,.... See Gill on Leviticus 2:2.
Leviticus 6:16. 16 And
the remainder of it Aaron and his sons shall eat; with unleavened bread it
shall be eaten in a holy place; in the court of the tabernacle of meeting they
shall eat it.
YLT 16`And the remnant of it do Aaron and his sons
eat; [with] unleavened things it is eaten, in the holy place, in the court of
the tent of meeting they do eat it.
And the remainder thereof shall Aaron and his sons eat,.... What
quantity of fine flour the meat offering consisted of is not said; very
probably it was left to the offerer to bring what he would, since it was a
freewill offering:
with unleavened bread
shall it be eaten in the holy place; or rather,
"unleavened shall it be eaten"; for it cannot well be thought that
bread of any sort should be eaten with this offering, which, properly speaking,
was itself a bread offering, and so it should be called, rather than a meat
offering; and certain it is, that no meat offering was to be made of leaven,
but of fine flour unleavened, and so to be eaten, not by the priests in their
own houses, but in the tabernacle; not in that part of it properly called the
holy place, in distinction from the holy of holies, but as it follows:
in the court of the tabernacle of the congregation they shall eat
it; in a room provided in that court for that purpose, as afterwards
in the temple.
Leviticus 6:17. 17 It
shall not be baked with leaven. I have given it as their portion of My
offerings made by fire; it is most holy, like the sin offering and the
trespass offering.
YLT 17It is not baken [with] any thing fermented,
their portion I have given it, out of My fire-offerings; it [is] most holy,
like the sin-offering, and like the guilt-offering.
It shall not be baked with leaven,.... Which, as it was a
type of Christ, may denote his sincerity both in doctrine, life, and
conversation; and as it may respect the offerer, may signify his uprightness
and integrity, and his being devoid of hypocrisy and insincerity:
I have given it unto thee for their portion of my offerings
made by fire; this was part of the provision made for the maintenance of the
priests, as it was but just that they that ministered at the altar should live
of it; and the rather, as the priests and Levites had no portion and
inheritance in the land of Israel, and therefore must be supported in another
way, which the Lord took care of:
it is most holy, as the sin offering, and as the
trespass offering; as they, so this being devoted to sacred uses, what were not consumed
upon the altar belonged to the priests, and were their perquisites, nor might
they be appropriated to the use of any other.
Leviticus 6:18. 18 All
the males among the children of Aaron may eat it. It shall be a statute
forever in your generations concerning the offerings made by fire to the Lord. Everyone who
touches them must be holy.’”[a]
YLT 18Every male among the sons of Aaron doth eat
it -- a statute age-during to your generations, out of the fire-offerings of
Jehovah: all that cometh against them is holy.'
All the males among the children of Aaron shall eat of it,.... And they
only, for none but they might eat in the holy place, and therefore these holy
things that were to be eaten there, were only eaten by them; what might be
eaten by the priests in their own houses, their wives and daughters ate of, but
in the holy place only their males, and a male was one that was thirteen years
of age:
it shall be a statute for
ever in your generations, concerning the offerings of the Lord made by fire; a statute to
last till the Messiah should come, the true meat or bread offering; and the
bread he gave was his flesh, and he that eats of it shall not die, but live for
ever, John 6:27,
everyone that toucheth them shall be holy; signifying,
that no one ought to touch them but a holy person, one devoted to holy
services, the priests and their sons; or "whatsoever"F15כל אשר "quicquid",
Junius & Tremellius, Piscator, Drusius. toucheth them, the dishes they eat
those offerings out of, or the knives they cut them with, were not to be used
for anything else.
Leviticus 6:19. 19 And
the Lord
spoke to Moses, saying,
YLT 19And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... At the same time the
above laws were delivered:
saying; as follows.
Leviticus 6:20. 20 “This
is the offering of Aaron and his sons, which they shall offer to the Lord, beginning
on the day when he is anointed: one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a daily
grain offering, half of it in the morning and half of it at night.
YLT 20`This [is] an offering of Aaron and of his
sons, which they bring near to Jehovah in the day of his being anointed; a
tenth of the ephah of flour [for] a continual present, half of it in the
morning, and half of it in the evening;
This is the offering of Aaron and his sons,.... That is,
of such of them as succeeded him in the high priesthood, as appears from Leviticus 6:22 so
Aben Ezra, of him, or of one of his sons in his room; though some think the
common priests offered the following oblation at the time of their initiation
into their office, though they were not anointed as the high priest was, nor
obliged as he to continue the offering daily:
which they shall offer unto the Lord in the day when he is
anointed; when he, or any of his sons in his stead, were anointed, for as
yet he himself was not; see Leviticus 8:2 some,
as Aben Ezra observes, think that ב, "in",
is instead of מ, "from", and that the sense
is, that Aaron, or his successor, and every of them, were to offer the
following offering perpetually from the time of their being anointed, and put
into the office of the high priest, and which certainly was the case, as
appears by what follows:
the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a meat offering
perpetual; which was an omer, and as much as a man could eat in one day;
and this the high priest offered every day, as long as he lived, or was in his
office, and that at his own expense, as Josephus saysF16Antiqu. l.
3. c. 10. sect. 7. , not altogether, but in the following manner:
half of it in the morning, and half of it at night; so that this
constantly returned as the morning and evening sacrifices did, and followed
them. Jarchi says of this, that it was the common meat offering at the
consecration of a priest, but the high priest offered it every day; and it
appears from the Misnic writersF17Misn. Menachot, c. 6. sect. 5.
& Maimon. & Bartenora in ib. that this meat offering consisted of
twelve cakes, the same number as those of the shewbread; the same phrase, a
"perpetual statute", being used of one as the other; and six of these
were offered in the morning, and six at evening; and this as the daily
sacrifice had the same mystical meaning, and respected the continual efficacy
of the sacrifice of Christ.
Leviticus 6:21. 21 It shall be made in a pan
with oil. When it is mixed, you shall bring it in. The baked pieces of
the grain offering you shall offer for a sweet aroma to the Lord.
YLT 21on a girdel with oil it is made -- fried thou
dost bring it in; baked pieces of the present thou dost bring near, a sweet
fragrance to Jehovah.
In a pan it shall be made with oil,.... With oil olive, as
the Targum of Jonathan; the pan in which it was made was a vessel that had no
covering, nor hollow in the middle, nor any lip or edge, but was a plane, and
extended, and the dough made on it was hard and stiff, that it might not run
offF18Misn. Menachot, c. 5. sect. 8. & Maimon. & Bartenora
in ib. Maimon. Maasch Hakorbanot, c. 13. sect. 7. . In the temple was a chamber
of those that made the cakesF19Misn. Middot, c. 1. sect. 4. , where,
as BartenoraF20In ib. observes, was prepared the meat offering,
which the high priest offered, one half in the morning, and the other half in
the evening:
and when it is baked, thou
shalt bring it in; not thoroughly baked, but very little, as says Josephus,
hastily, so that it swells, and rises up in bubbles. Jarchi says, the flour was
first mixed in hot water, and after that it was baked in an oven, and then
fried in a pan:
and the baked pieces of the meat offering shalt thou offer for
a sweet savour unto the Lord; or the meat offering cut in pieces shalt
thou offer, as both the Targums of Jonathan and Jerusalem; the twelve cakes
were broken each into two, and twelve halves were offered in the morning, and
twelve at evening: the manner in which it was done was, the priest divided
every cake into two by measure, so that he might offer half in the morning, and
half in the evening; and he took the halves and doubled everyone of them into
two, and broke them, until he found every broken piece doubled into two, and he
offered the halves with half the handful of frankincense in the morning, and in
like manner in the eveningF21Maimon. Misn. Middot. sect. 4. : this
may have respect to the body of Christ being broken for us, whereby he became
fit food for faith, and an offering of a sweet smelling savour to God.
Leviticus 6:22. 22 The
priest from among his sons, who is anointed in his place, shall offer it. It
is a statute forever to the Lord. It shall be wholly
burned.
YLT 22`And the priest who is anointed in his stead,
from among his sons, doth make it, -- a statute age-during of Jehovah: it is
completely perfumed;
And the priest of his sons that is anointed in his stead shall
offer it,.... The successor of the high priest:
it is a statute for ever unto the Lord; which he by
an everlasting statute appointed to be offered to him by every high priest,
until the Messiah should come:
it shall be wholly burnt; of a common meat
offering only a handful was burnt, and the rest was the priest's; see Leviticus 6:15.
Leviticus 6:23. 23 For
every grain offering for the priest shall be wholly burned. It shall not be
eaten.”
YLT 23and every present of a priest is a whole
burnt-offering; it is not eaten.'
For every meat offering for the priest shall be wholly burnt,.... Wherefore
the priest that offered this for the high priest got nothing by it: he served
him gratis:
it shall not be eaten; neither by himself, nor
any other priest. The priests by eating the offerings of the people bore their
iniquities, and made atonement for them, Leviticus 10:17 but
the priests might not eat their own sacrifices, to show that they could not
bear their own sins, and make atonement for them; and this proves the
insufficiency of the legal sacrifices, and the need there was for one to arise
of another order to take away sin; and it is thought by some to be typical of
the active obedience of ChristF23Vid. Michaelis Observ. Sacr.
Exercitat. 6. p. 57. & Mede in ib. p. 58. , every day yielded to the law
and will of God, and is perfect, as the word here signifies, and to be
distinguished from עולה, "a burnt
offering".
Leviticus 6:24. 24 Also
the Lord
spoke to Moses, saying,
YLT 24And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... Continued his
discourse with him:
saying; as follows.
Leviticus 6:25. 25 “Speak
to Aaron and to his sons, saying, ‘This is the law of the sin offering:
In the place where the burnt offering is killed, the sin offering shall be
killed before the Lord.
It is most holy.
YLT 25`Speak unto Aaron and unto his sons, saying,
This [is] a law of the sin-offering: in the place where the burnt-offering is
slaughtered is the sin-offering slaughtered before Jehovah; it [is] most holy.
Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, saying, this is the law
of the sin offering,.... Or the rules to be observed concerning
that, besides what had been already delivered in Leviticus 4:1,
in the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering
be killed before the Lord; and that was on the north side of the
altar, see Leviticus 1:11 and
so Aben Ezra and Ben Gersom observe, that the place of slaying every sin
offering was the north; and some have observed that Mount Calvary, where our
Lord was crucified, lay pretty much to the north of Jerusalem, see Psalm 48:2,
it is most holy; sacred to the Lord, offered up to him, and
accepted by him, and typical of the most pure and holy sacrifice of Christ, who
was made sin, and an offering for sin, in the room and stead of his people.
Leviticus 6:26. 26 The
priest who offers it for sin shall eat it. In a holy place it shall be eaten,
in the court of the tabernacle of meeting.
YLT 26`The priest who is making atonement with it
doth eat it, in the holy place it is eaten, in the court of the tent of
meeting;
The priest that offereth it for sin shall eat it,.... Thereby
signifying that he bore the sin of the person that brought the offering, and
made atonement for it; as a type of Christ, who bore the sins of his people in
his own body on the tree, and made satisfaction for them; see Leviticus 10:17.
This is to be understood not of that single individual priest only that was the
offerer, but of him and his family; for, as Ben Gersom observes, it was
impossible for one man to eat all the flesh of a beast at one meal or two; but
it means, as he says, the family of the priest that then officiated, the male
part:
in the holy place shall it be eaten, in the court of the
tabernacle of the congregation; within the hangings, as Ben Gersom's note
is, with which the court of the tabernacle was hung and made; in some room in
that part of the sanctuary did the priest, with his sons, eat of the holy
offerings that were appropriated to them; an emblem of spiritual priests,
believers in Christ, feeding in the church upon the provisions of his house,
the goodness and fatness of it.
Leviticus 6:27. 27 Everyone
who touches its flesh must be holy.[b] And when
its blood is sprinkled on any garment, you shall wash that on which it was
sprinkled, in a holy place.
YLT 27all that cometh against its flesh is holy,
and when [any] of its blood is sprinkled on the garment, that on which it is
sprinkled thou dost wash in the holy place;
Whatsoever shall touch the flesh thereof shall be holy,.... None but
holy persons, such as were devoted to holy services, even the priests and their
sons, might touch and eat of the flesh of the sin offering: all that did so
were sacred persons; and even what were used in eating it, dishes and knives,
were to be put to no other use, not to any common service, or for anything but
holy things; which was done to keep up a veneration for the sacrifices, and
especially for the great sacrifice they typified, the sacrifice of Christ,
whose flesh is meat indeed; and whoever eats of that by faith dwells in Christ,
and Christ dwells in him, John 6:55,
and when there is sprinkled of the blood thereof upon any garment; the garment
of the priest that slays and offers it:
thou shalt wash that whereon it was sprinkled in the holy place; it was not to
be carried out of the tabernacle, and washed elsewhere, but in the sanctuary;
either at the laver, where the priests washed their hands and feet, or in some
room in the court for that purpose. This was done to preserve an esteem and
value for the blood of the sacrifice, as typical of the precious blood of
Christ.
Leviticus 6:28. 28 But
the earthen vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken. And if it is boiled
in a bronze pot, it shall be both scoured and rinsed in water.
YLT 28and an earthen vessel in which it is boiled
is broken, and if in a brass vessel it is boiled, then it is scoured and rinsed
with water.
But the earthen vessel wherein it is sodden shall be broken,.... That
being porous, the liquor in which the sin offering was boiled might soak into
it, and the smell of it be retained, and therefore, as such vessels were not
very costly, they were ordered to be broken; but where the broken pieces were
carried and laid, the Jewish writers are at a loss about; for, that vessels,
which had served for holy uses, should be laid in an open public place and
exposed, they thought was indecent; and as there might be in a course of time
great quantities broken, it would look very disagreeable and unseemly to have
them lie in heaps in the sanctuary; they therefore have framed a miracle, and
conceit that they were swallowed up in the ground where they were laidF24T.
Bab. Yoma, fol. 21. 1. :
and if it be sodden in a brazen it shall be both scoured and
rinsed in water; brass, being more valuable, must not be destroyed; and besides
the liquor could not soak into that, and whatever scent it retained was easily
and soon removed by scouring and rinsing; the former was with hot water, and
the latter with cold, as Ben Gersom affirms.
Leviticus 6:29. 29 All
the males among the priests may eat it. It is most holy.
YLT 29`Every male among the priests doth eat it --
it [is] most holy;
And all the males among the priests shall eat thereof,.... As of the
meat offerings, Leviticus 6:18 and
this shows that not the single priest that offered only ate of it, Leviticus 6:26 but
his male children, and not those only, but those of other priests then upon
duty, or in the court:
it is most holy; See Gill on Leviticus 6:25.
Leviticus 6:30. 30 But
no sin offering from which any of the blood is brought into the
tabernacle of meeting, to make atonement in the holy place,[c] shall be
eaten. It shall be burned in the fire.
YLT 30and no sin-offering, [any] of whose blood is
brought in unto the tent of meeting to make atonement in the sanctuary is
eaten; with fire it is burnt.
And no sin offering, whereof any of the blood is
brought into the tabernacle of the congregation to reconcile withal in
the holy place, shall be eaten,.... Every offering, and so every sin
offering, was killed in the court of the tabernacle, on the north side of the
altar; and the blood of some of them, as on the day of atonement, was carried
within the vail and sprinkled on the mercy seat for reconciling the holy place,
and making atonement for it; now the flesh of such sin offerings might not be
eaten by the priests, though all others might:
it shall be burnt in the fire. Ben Gersom says, it was
burnt in its place in the court, in a place prepared there to burn things
rejected, and sanctified; and I think, adds he, this place was on the east
side, i.e. of the court; but it is clear from Leviticus 16:27
where the above case is mentioned, that it was to be carried out without the
camp, and burnt there. What use the apostle makes of this, applying it to
Christ, see Hebrews 13:11.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》
New King James
Version (NKJV)