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Jeremiah
Chapter Sixteen
Jeremiah 16
Chapter Contents
Prohibitions given to the prophet. (1-9) The justice of
God in these judgments. (10-13) Future restoration of the Jews, and the
conversion of the Gentiles. (14-21)
Commentary on Jeremiah 16:1-9
(Read Jeremiah 16:1-9)
The prophet must conduct himself as one who expected to
see his country ruined very shortly. In the prospect of sad times, he is to
abstain from marriage, mourning for the dead, and pleasure. Those who would
convince others of the truths of God, must make it appear by their self-denial,
that they believe it themselves. Peace, inward and outward, family and public,
is wholly the work of God, and from his loving-kindness and mercy. When He
takes his peace from any people, distress must follow. There may be times when
it is proper to avoid things otherwise our duty; and we should always sit loose
to the pleasures and concerns of this life.
Commentary on Jeremiah 16:10-13
(Read Jeremiah 16:10-13)
Here seems to be the language of those who quarrel at the
word of God, and instead of humbling and condemning themselves, justify
themselves, as though God did them wrong. A plain and full answer is given.
They were more obstinate in sin than their fathers, walking every one after the
devices of his heart. Since they will not hearken, they shall be hurried away
into a far country, a land they know not. If they had God's favour, that would
make even the land of their captivity pleasant.
Commentary on Jeremiah 16:14-21
(Read Jeremiah 16:14-21)
The restoration from the Babylonish captivity would be
remembered in place of the deliverance from Egypt; it also typified spiritual
redemption, and the future deliverance of the church from antichristian
oppression. But none of the sins of sinners can be hidden from God, or shall be
overlooked by him. He will find out and raise up instruments of his wrath, that
shall destroy the Jews, by fraud like fishers, by force like hunters. The
prophet, rejoicing at the hope of mercy to come, addressed the Lord as his
strength and refuge. The deliverance out of captivity shall be a figure of the
great salvation to be wrought by the Messiah. The nations have often known the
power of Jehovah in his wrath; but they shall know him as the strength of his
people, and their refuge in time of trouble.
── Matthew Henry《Concise Commentary on Jeremiah》
Jeremiah 16
Verse 5
[5] For thus saith the LORD, Enter not into the house of
mourning, neither go to lament nor bemoan them: for I have taken away my peace
from this people, saith the LORD, even lovingkindness and mercies.
Enter not — Do not go to comfort such as
mourn for any relations dead, (for their feastings upon those occasions were
upon a consolatory account) those that die are most happy, for I will take away
the peace of this people, and deprive them of all my mercy and loving-kindness.
Verse 6
[6] Both the great and the small shall die in this land:
they shall not be buried, neither shall men lament for them, nor cut
themselves, nor make themselves bald for them:
Nor cut — Cutting themselves and cutting off their hair, were
Pagan customs, which God forbad his own people; but yet it seemed they
practised them: but saith God, Men shall die so fast that they shall have no
leisure to cut themselves.
Verse 7
[7] Neither shall men tear themselves for them in mourning,
to comfort them for the dead; neither shall men give them the cup of
consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.
Deal bread — It was a custom among them, when
they had any friend, that had lost his relations, to send them some meat (for
among the Hebrews all things they ate were called bread) and then to go and sup
with them, and speak comfortably to them.
The cup — They were also wont to send wine, that they might
forget their sorrows; this is called, The cup of consolation.
Verse 8
[8] Thou shalt not also go into the house of feasting, to
sit with them to eat and to drink.
Go — God did not only forbid his prophet to go into houses
of mourning, but forbad him to go into houses, where they were wont to eat and
drink upon a more chearful account.
Verse 13
[13] Therefore will I cast you out of this land into a land
that ye know not, neither ye nor your fathers; and there shall ye serve other
gods day and night; where I will not shew you favour.
Ye shall serve — What is now matter of choice to
you, shall then be forced upon you.
Verse 14
[14] Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that
it shall no more be said, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of
Israel out of the land of Egypt;
Notwithstanding — God sweetens the dreadful
threatenings preceding, with a comfortable promise of their restoration.
Verse 16
[16] Behold, I will send for many fishers, saith the LORD,
and they shall fish them; and after will I send for many hunters, and they
shall hunt them from every mountain, and from every hill, and out of the holes
of the rocks.
Fishers — Those enemies whom God made use of to destroy the Jews,
hunting them out of all holes and coverts wheresoever they should take
sanctuary.
Verse 18
[18] And first I will recompense their iniquity and their sin
double; because they have defiled my land, they have filled mine inheritance
with the carcases of their detestable and abominable things.
I will recompense — Before I will restore
them, I will plentifully punish them, (for so double here signifies, not the
double of what their sins deserve.) Defiled - By their idolatry, blood and
cruelty.
Detestable — Unclean beasts offered to their
idols, or innocent persons slain by them.
Verse 21
[21] Therefore, behold, I will this once cause them to know,
I will cause them to know mine hand and my might; and they shall know that my
name is The LORD.
Therefore — Because all the mercy I have
shewed them, will not learn them to know my might, I will once for all make
them to understand it, by the dreadful strokes of my vengeance.
And — They shall know that my name is Jehovah; that I am not
such a one as their idols, but one who have my being from myself, and give life
and being to all other things, and have all might and power in my hand, and can
do whatsoever I please.
── John Wesley《Explanatory Notes on Jeremiah》
16 Chapter 16
Verse 14-15
I will bring them again into their land that I gave unto their
fathers.
Larger providences
Thus epochs are made; thus new dates are introduced into human
history; thus the less is merged in the greater; the little judgment is lost in
the great judgment, and the mercy that once appeared to be so great seems to be
quite small compared with the greater mercy that has healed and blessed our
life. This is the music, and this is the meaning of the passage. What is
experience worth? It is worth exactly what we make of it; it will not follow
us, and insist upon being looked at and estimated and applied; it is, so to
say, either a negative or a positive possession; we can make it either,
according to the exercise of our will and inclination. How often we vow not to
forget our experience; yet it is stolen from us in the night time, and we awake
in the morning empty-handed, empty-minded, beggared to the uttermost point of
destitution. We write our vows in water; who can make any impression on the
ocean? whole fleets have passed over the sea, not a track is left behind where
the waves were sundered; they roll together again, as if with emulous energy
they seek to obliterate the transient mark of the intrusive ships. It is so
with ourselves. Let no man think he has sounded the whole depth of God’s
providence in this matter of punishment or of benediction and blessing. History
has recorded nothing yet; history is getting its pen ready for the real
registration of Divine ministry in human affairs. No judgment has yet befallen
the world worth naming, compared with the judgment that may at any moment be
revealed. Do not mock God; do not defy Him or tempt Him: what you have had is
but the sting of a whip; He could smite you with a thong of scorpions. Rather
say, God pity us, God spare us; remember that we are but dust; a wind that
cometh for a little time and then passeth away: smite us not in Thine hot
anger, O loving One; in wrath remember mercy. We do not know what plagues God
could send upon the earth. Be not presumptuous against the Divine government;
do not say, God cannot do this, or send down that judgment; if He forbear, it
is because His mercy restrains, not because His judgment is impotent. By a
natural accommodation of the passage, we may be led into quite another line of
thinking and illustration: “Behold the days come, saith the Lord, that it shall
no more be said . . . but”; and between these words we may put in our own
experience, and our own commentaries upon life and destiny. Thus: Behold, the
days come that it shall no more be said that we have a Creator, but we have a
Redeemer. Men shall not talk about creation. There are some men who are content
to talk about one infinitesimal speck of creation; they have not learned the
higher philosophy, the fuller wisdom, the riper, vaster law. They are gathering
what they can with their hands; they are first the admirers, secondly the
devotees, and thirdly the victims of the microscope. They have made an idol of
that piece of glazed brass; they who mock the heathen for worshipping ivory and
stone and tree and sun, may perhaps be creating a little idol of their own.
Behold, the days come when men shall no longer talk about the body, but about
the soul. It is time we had done with physiology. If we have not mastered the
body, what poor scholars we have been! And yet how far men are from having
mastered it in the sense of being able to heal it! Behold, the days come, saith
the Lord, when men shall no more talk about human deliverance, or deliverance
from human extremity, but they shall talk about liberation from diabolic
captivity; they shall say they have been loosed from their sins, they have been
disimprisoned and set at liberty as to the dominion of their passions and
desires and appetences; they shall speak about the higher emancipation, and
everywhere men shall be eloquent about the Deliverer who drew the soul from
Egyptian and Chaldean tyranny, and gave it liberty and joy in the Holy Ghost.
The whole subject of human speech shall be changed; men shall not talk about
Egypt, but about Canaan; they shall not talk about the law, but about the
higher law; they shall not talk about the outward, but about the inward. Thus
dates are introduced into human history. The time will come when men will not
speak about being born, but about being “born again.” Your birthday was your
deathday,--or only the other aspect of it. Date your born-again day from the
beginning, the morning of your immortality. Drop the lower theme, seize the
higher; dismiss the noise, and entreat the music to take full possession of
your nature. Behold, the day is come, saith the Lord, when men shall no longer
talk about prayer, but about praise. The old prayer days will be over; they
were needful as part of our experience and education, but the time will come
when prayer will be lost in praise; the time will come when work will be so
easy as to have in it the throb and joy of music; the time will come when it
will be easy to live, for life will carry no burden, and know the strain of no
care; the days of anxiety will be ended, solicitude will be a forgotten word,
and the companionship of God and His angels shall constitute our heaven. (J.
Parker, D. D.)
God’s care over His people
A crew of explorers penetrate far within the Arctic circles in
search of other expeditions that had gone before them--gone and never returned.
Failing to find the missing men, and yet unwilling to abandon hope, they leave
supplies of food carefully covered with stones, on some prominent headlands,
with the necessary intimations graven for safety on plates of brass. If the
original adventurers survive, and on their homeward journey, faint, yet
pursuing, fall in with these treasures, at once hidden and revealed, the food,
when found, will seem to those famished men the smaller blessing. The proof
which the food supplies that their country cares for them is sweeter than the
food. So the proof that God cares for us is placed beyond a doubt; the
“unspeakable gift” of His Son to be our Saviour should melt any dark suspicion
to the contrary from our hearts. (W. Arnot.)
I will send for many fishers;. . .I will send for many hunters.
Fishers and hunters
These refer to the successive invaders of Judea. As to “hunters,”
see Genesis 10:9. Nimrod, “ the mighty
hunter,” the first founder of an empire on conquest. The Chaldees were famous
in hunting, as the Egyptians, the other enemy of Judea, were in fishing.
were employed
by God to be the heralds of salvation, “catching men” for life (Matthew 4:19). (A. R. Fausset, M. A.)
Verses 18. And first I
will recompense their iniquity and their sin double.
The double effect of sin
We may illustrate the evil of sin by the following comparison.
“Suppose I am going along a street, and were to dash my head through a large
pane of glass, what harm would I receive?” “You would be punished for breaking
the glass.” “Would that be all the harm I should receive? Your head will be cut
by the glass.” “Yes! and so it is with sin. If you break God’s laws, you shaft
be punished for breaking them; and your soul is hurt by the very act of
breaking them.” (F. Inglis.)
O Lord, my strength, and my fortress.
What God is to His people
One of the Puritans was accustomed to describe prayer as the
flight of the lonely man to the only God. There is such prayer here. This man
is very lonely. He is like a speckled bird, set on by all the birds of the
flock. He looks right and left, but there is no man to care for his soul; then
he addresses himself to God in these touching words:
I. My strength.
The Psalmist spoke of God as the strength of his life. The Apostle of love said
that little children could overcome the world, because He that was in them was
greater and stronger than he that was in the world. “God is the strength of my
life; of whom shall I be afraid?”
II. My stronghold.
A stronghold is what holds strongly. A keep is that which keeps. We keep God’s
deposit, which is His Gospel: God keeps our deposit, which is ourselves. And
none, man nor devil, can snatch us away.
III. My refuge in
the day of affliction. The night darkening the sky drives the chicks to the
hen’s wings; so affliction drives us to God. “In the shadow of Thy wings will I
make my refuge, until these calamities be overpast.” Do you wish to know Him
thus? See that you do not burden yourself by your endeavours. Be still and
know. Enter into the still and peaceful land of inward spiritual fellowship.
Commune with your own heart. Be a child before Him, innocent, unaffected,
unrestrained. (F. B. Meyer, B. A.)
Safe from trouble
Travellers tell us that they who are at the top of the Alps can
see great showers of rain fall under them, but not one drop of it falls upon
them. They who have God for their portion are in a high tower, and thereby safe
from all troubles and showers. (G. Swinnock.)
The Gentiles shall come
unto Thee from the ends of the earth.--
Heathenism and its prospects
I. The confession
which the Gentile nations are here prophetically described to make. “Surely our
fathers have inherited lies,” etc. Need I say, that the produce of “lies” must
be “vanity and things wherein there is no profit”? It may be granted, that if
we only esteem things by the partial and short-sighted standard of this present
world, falsehood may sometimes bring its gain; there are pleasures of falsehood
and gains of falsehood. But then the pleasures of sin are but for a moment; the
day is shortly coming, when falsehood shall be found as a rope of sand, as a
quicksand on which any structure may have been based; and therefore if it be
true that the heritage of the heathen is a heritage of “lies,” it follow that
it is a heritage of vanity, and things wherein there is no profit.
II. The purposes of
God respecting these idolaters. You have here the repetition of God’s purpose.
He is not satisfied with stating once, “I will cause them to know,” but He adds
a second time, “I will cause them to know My hand and My might; and they shall
know that I am the Lord.” There is a distinctness and a certainty upon this
matter which is most refreshing to a humane and considerate mind. The
intimation of this design is here presented to us as the distinct purpose of
God. “Therefore”--since man admits that he has inherited lies, since he sees
that he is destitute of any resources in himself, and since the allotment which
father has given to son during many an elapsing century, since all the property
that could descend from sire to son as ages rolled away was only “falsehood, vanity,
and things wherein there is no profit”--since all that this accumulated mass of
human skill and industry bestowed, was based on falsehood--now that the
confession is made,--“I will cause this people to know My hand and My might.”
And how was the hand of God to be known? Was it to be the hand of power,
crushing to perdition the sinner whose heart was disaffected and his intellect
degraded? No; He was to stretch out His hand to heal and to save. There is no
power so great, and no power so beautiful in nature, as this hand of God, when
it is stretched out to heal. There are needful accompaniments of this wonderful
accomplishment of Divine mercy and love to man. There are the ministers of His
Gospel. By the instrumentality of these human communications, does the Spirit
of God act; and when therefore God says, “And they shall know that I am
Jehovah,” it is meant that to these nations shall be sent the records of the
Scriptures; that to them shall go the heralds of peace; that among them shall
the voice of mercy be heard; that amidst their thronged population shall the
accents of salvation come forth, from lips which He has touched with a coal
from the altar, and made to be the bearers of kind sayings to their poor
suffering and degraded sinners. This is God’s declaration.
III. The generous
consolation which the mind of the prophet derives from this knowledge of God’s
gracious design in favour of these Gentiles. “O Lord, my strength, and my
fortress, and my refuge in the day of affliction.” When beat down by sorrow,
when prostrate in calamity, when standing amidst the decay of national
comforts, and amidst the manifestation of God’s righteous judgments, he turned
for rest to God; God was his strength, God was his fortress God opened to him
an asylum whither the wicked could not follow him, whither Satan could not
follow him. (G. T. Noel, M. A.)
Shall a man make gods unto
himself, and they are no gods?--
God-making
Is not that impossible? From a certain point of view it is utterly
impossible, and yet from another point of view it is the very thing men are
doing every day in the week. Questions cannot always be answered literally.
There may be a moral explanation under the literary definition. Who does not
make himself gods as he needs them?--not visible god, otherwise they might
bring down upon themselves the contempt of observers, and the contempt of their
very makers; but ambitions, purposes, policies, programmes, methods of
procedure,--all these may be looked upon as refuges and defences and hidden
sanctuaries into which the soul would go for defence and protection when the
tempest rages loudly, and fiercely. A subtle thing is this god-making. Every
man is at times a polytheist--that is, a possessor or a worshipper of many
gods. The Lord could never bring the mind of His people directly and lovingly
to the reception of the One Deity. It would seem to be the last thought of man
that there can be, by metaphysical necessity, only one God. There cannot be a
divided Deity. Yet it is this very miracle that the imagination of man has
performed. He has set all round the household innumerable idols which he takes
down according to the necessity of the hour. He knows he is intellectually
foolish, morally the victim of self-delusion, practically an utterly unwise and
impracticable man; yet somehow, by force not to be put into equivalent words,
he will do this again and again, yea he takes to himself power to fill up
vacancies, so that if any clay god or imagined idol has failed him he puts
another in the place of the one that did not fulfil his prayer. (J. Parker,
D. D.)
──《The Biblical Illustrator》