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Jeremiah
Chapter Forty-one
Jeremiah 41
Chapter Contents
Ishmael murders Gedaliah. (1-10) Johanan recovers the
captives, and purposes to retire to Egypt. (11-18)
Commentary on Jeremiah 41:1-10
(Read Jeremiah 41:1-10)
Those who hate the worshippers of God, often put on the
appearance of piety, that they may the easier hurt them. As death often meets
men where they least expect it, we should continually search whether we are in
such a state and frame of mind, as we would wish to be found in when called to
appear before our Judge. Sometimes the ransom of a man's life is his riches.
But those who think to bribe death, saying, Slay us not, for we have treasures
in the field, will find themselves wretchedly deceived. This melancholy history
warns us, never to be secure in this world. We never can be sure of peace on
this side heaven.
Commentary on Jeremiah 41:11-18
(Read Jeremiah 41:11-18)
The success of villany must be short, and none can
prosper who harden their hearts against God. And those justly lose comfort in
real fears, who excuse themselves in sin by pretended fears. The removal of a
prudent and peaceable ruler, and the succession of another who is rash and
ambitious, affects the welfare of many. Only those are happy and steady who
fear the Lord and walk in his ways.
── Matthew Henry《Concise Commentary on Jeremiah》
Jeremiah 41
Verse 1
[1] Now
it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah the son
of Elishama, of the seed royal, and the princes of the king, even ten men with
him, came unto Gedaliah the son of Ahikam to Mizpah; and there they did eat
bread together in Mizpah.
Now —
Three months after the city was taken.
Ishmael —
The same Ishmael that came to Gedaliah, verse 8,9, to whom he sware protection; only here we
are told he was of the royal blood, which might both raise his spirits, as
having a more legal pretence to the government, and rendered him a fitter
instrument, for Baalis the king or queen of the Ammonites to make use of.
The princes —
Some of the princes, who had escaped the army of the king of Babylon.
Verse 3
[3] Ishmael also slew all the Jews that were with him, even with Gedaliah, at
Mizpah, and the Chaldeans that were found there, and the men of war.
Slew —
All those who were about the court of Gedaliah.
Verse 4
[4] And
it came to pass the second day after he had slain Gedaliah, and no man knew it,
No man — No
man who lived at any distance from Mizpah.
Verse 5
[5] That
there came certain from Shechem, from Shiloh, and from Samaria, even fourscore
men, having their beards shaven, and their clothes rent, and having cut
themselves, with offerings and incense in their hand, to bring them to the
house of the LORD.
There came men —
Who possibly had not heard of the temple being burnt.
Cut themselves —
With all indications of mourning used in those countries.
Verse 8
[8] But ten men were found among them that said unto Ishmael, Slay us not: for
we have treasures in the field, of wheat, and of barley, and of oil, and of
honey. So he forbare, and slew them not among their brethren.
He forebare —
His covetousness prevailed over his cruelty.
── John Wesley《Explanatory Notes on Jeremiah》
41 Chapter 41
Verses 1-18
Verses 1-10
Then arose Ishmael.
Devils incarnate
1. If ever there was such a one, this Ishmael was of whom these
verses tell. His atrocities remind us of the Indian Mutiny, its leader, and the
well at Cawnpore (cf. Verse 9). Treachery, ingratitude, murder, massacre,
greed, cowardice,--all are gathered in this detestable character (cf. Mr.
Grove’s article “Ishmael,” Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible)
2. And such men are permitted to be. So clearly seen is this, that
every drama has its villain; they are recognised as having definite place and
function in this poor life of ours.
3. Can we explain this permission? Wherefore are such men created and
preserved? It is s part of the great question of moral evil, for the full
solution of which we must wait. But the existence of such men as this Ishmael
is but one out of the many terrible facts in God’s providence, such as plague,
famine, earthquake, &c.
In regard to such men, we can see some purposes that they
subserve.
1. They make evident the hideous capacities of evil which are in our
nature, and the need, therefore, for God’s restraining grace.
2. They are warnings to increased watchfulness on the part of those
in whom the tendencies to like evil exist.
3. They are God’s scourges for men’s sin (cf. Attila, the Scourge of
God).
4. They weld together the people they oppress in one common league
against them, and thus out of scattered tribes a nation is formed.
5. They clear out much that is evil (cf. French Revolution;
Napoleon). But, sometimes as here, we cannot see what good they do; and then we
can only wait. (W. Clarkson, B. A.)
Verse 8
So he forbare, and slew them not among their, brethren.
Sin hindered by sin
Ishmael would have killed these men but for his greed of the
wealth they had. It is satisfactory to think he never gained possession of it.
Nevertheless, his greed made him guilty of one sin less. This story suggests
that--
I. God has many
ways of hindering sin. There is--
1. The best way of all. By granting a true repentance and His Holy
Spirit, creating the clean heart and renewing the right spirit.
2. But there are other ways. By keeping the opportunity and the will
apart. How much of our freedom from sin do we owe to this blessed providential
severance! By fear of present evil consequence of our sin.
3. And sometimes, as here, by one sin getting in the way of another.
Thus pride holds back not a few; not love of God, gratitude to Christ, love of
holiness, hut pride. And covetousness checks the sinner in many sins he would
be guilty of but for this. Anger, breaking up the alliances of transgressors;
as when, in the days of Jehoshaphat, the Ammonites who were coming against him
fell out one with the other (2 Chronicles 20:22). “When thieves
fall out, honest men come by their rights.” (W. Clarkson, B. A.)
Sensual self-indulgence
The vilest Roman emperors were those who least persecuted the
Church--Tiberius, Commodus, &c. They were too absorbed in their own
indulgences to trouble about the Christians.
II. But these other
ways leave men as great sinners as before. The question is not as to your
freedom from transgression so much, but--what kept you free? Only the first and
best way is accepted of God.
III. Nevertheless,
let us be thankful that sin is self-destructive in its very nature. It is a
blessed anarchy, for it protects many who would otherwise suffer.
IV. But for
ourselves let us seek that sin may be destroyed by Christ. (W. Clarkson, B.
A.)
Verse 17
And dwelt in the habitation of Chimham.
Too near the edge
This is one of the reflections that come to us as we read of the
place whither Johanan led his followers, and as we see the events that happened
immediately after. This chapter is a record of disappointments. First the
hopeful prospects of Gedaliah’s governorship, which seemed starting so fairly
and happily for all, these are shattered and overthrown by the villainous
conduct of Ishmael. Then it is a grievous disappointment that we do not hear of
Ishmael’s death, only of his escape. That such a wretch should escape with his
life seems a reflection upon that justice which generally follows on the track
of wrong-doers such as he was, and metes out to them their due. Escape seems
too lenient a dealing with them. And now here is another disappointment that
Johanan, instead of seeking to follow in Gedaliah’s footsteps, should be for
leading the people down into Egypt. “At the caravanserai of Chimham, in
Bethlehem--the natural halting-place on the way to Egypt--Johanan held a
council of war, and then, against the prophet’s advice, finally determined to
abandon their homes, and to make for the refuge, to which the worldly Israelite
always had recourse, across the Egyptian border.” It was a bad place to halt
at; it was too near that beguiling land, the witchery of which not a few of
them had long been feeling and would now feel more than ever. Whenever Israel
went thither, it was always a “going down into Egypt.” This was, more true
morally and spiritually than even geographically, to which the word down, of
course, refers. And the present was no exception. Looking at them there at
Chimham, we note--
I. The resemblance
they offer. Are they not like all those who tamper with temptation? They know,
as Israel knew, that they are in a forbidden path, and yet they do not keep
clear of it. Like moths fluttering around the flame, so men will dally with
sin. They know that to yield would be both most wrong and ruinous, and yet they
go close to the border.
II. The reasons
which governed them. The Jews
came to Chimham because their will had already consented to go further--on and
down into Egypt. For like reasons men come to such places. There has been
already the secret yielding of the will. There was no need of the Jews being at
Chimham. It was not the way back from Gibeon. It was a deliberate going into
temptation. So those who act like them have, as they, already consented in
heart. And the causes of that consent are akin. They falsely feared what the
Chaldeans might do, though there was no ground for such fear; and they falsely
hoped for good--freedom from war and want--which they never realised. And such
persons will ever magnify both the difficulties of the right path and the
looked-for pleasures and advantages of the wrong. Thus would they persuade
themselves that the right is wrong and the wrong is right.
III. The resistance
they seemed to make. The Jews did not yield all at once. They appeal to the
prophet. They ask his prayers. They, make repeated and loud--much too loud:
“Methinks he doth protest too much”--professions. They wait patiently the
prophet’s message. And yet all the while (verse 20) they were dissembling in
their hearts, “regarding iniquity” there (history of Balaam). They would have
God on their side, not themselves on God’s side. All this is most melancholy
matter of fact with those who, of their own accord, go too near the edge.
IV. The results
that followed. Of course they went over the edge; such people always do. They
showed the insincerity of their prayers by their anger when they were denied (Jeremiah 43:2, &c.). They escaped
none of the evil they dreaded; they gained none of the good they expected. “So
disastrous did this step appear to the next and to all subsequent generations
of Israel, that the day of Gedaliah’s murder, which led to it, has been from
that time forth and to this day observed as a national fast. It seemed to be
the final revocation of the advantages of the Exodus. By this breach in their
local continuity a chasm was made in the history, which for good or evil was
never filled up.” Yes; they who will go so near temptation will go into it, and
be borne down by it to their sore hurt and harm.
V. The remedy
recommended. Jeremiah urged them to return to their own land and stay there (Jeremiah 42:8, &c.), promising them
the blessing of God if they obeyed, and threatening His sore anger if they did
not. This counsel ever wise. Get away from the border-land back into safety.
Think of what will follow on your conduct--the blessing or the curse. “Stay not
in all the plain, but escape for thy life.” As “the angels hastened Lot” so
would we hasten all those who have
foolishly and wrongly chosen to go too near temptation’s edge. (W. Clarkson,
B. A.)
──《The Biblical Illustrator》